Mabatire a Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) ndi msana wa machitidwe amagetsi osasunthika (UPS), omwe amapereka mphamvu zosungirako zofunikira pakagwa mwadzidzidzi. Komabe, kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa batri ya asidi otsogola msanga ndikofunikira kuti mukhalebe okhulupilika amagetsi oyimilira awa. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakhudza moyo wautali wa mabatire a VRLA, ndikuwonetsa kufunikira kwa chisamaliro choyenera cha batri, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kukonza kuti awonjezere moyo wawo wautumiki.
Mfundo Zazikulu Zomwe Zikukhudza Moyo Wa Battery
Moyo Wautumiki
Kutentha
Kuchulukitsa
Kulipiritsa
Thermal Runaway
Kutaya madzi m'thupi
Kuipitsidwa
Zothandizira
Moyo Wautumiki:
Monga tafotokozera ndi IEEE 1881, moyo wa batire umatanthawuza nthawi yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino pamikhalidwe inayake, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayezedwa ndi nthawi kapena kuchuluka kwa mikombero mpaka mphamvu ya batri itatsikira pamlingo wina wake wa kuchuluka kwake komwe idavotera.
M'makina a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies), mabatire nthawi zambiri amasungidwa m'malo oyandama nthawi yayitali ya moyo wawo. M'nkhaniyi, 'kuzungulira' kumatanthauza momwe batire imagwiritsidwira ntchito (kutulutsidwa) ndikubwezeretsedwanso ku charge. Chiwerengero cha kutulutsa ndikuwonjezeranso batire ya acid-acid imatha kukhala ndi malire. Kuzungulira kulikonse kumachepetsa pang'ono moyo wonse wa batri. Chifukwa chake, kumvetsetsa zomwe zingafunike panjinga potengera kudalirika kwa gridi yamagetsi yakomweko ndikofunikira pakusankha batire, chifukwa zimakhudza kwambiri chiwopsezo cha kulephera kwa batri.
Kutentha:
Kutentha kumakhudza kwambiri momwe batire imagwirira ntchito komanso nthawi yayitali bwanji. Pofufuza momwe kutentha kumakhudzira kulephera kwa mabatire a asidi a lead, kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa kutentha kozungulira (kutentha kwa mpweya wozungulira) ndi kutentha kwamkati (kutentha kwa electrolyte) ndikofunikira. Ngakhale kuti mpweya wozungulira kapena kutentha kwa chipinda kungakhudze kutentha kwa mkati, kusintha sikuchitika mofulumira. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha kwa chipinda kungasinthe kwambiri masana, koma kutentha kwa mkati kumangowona kusintha kochepa.
Opanga mabatire nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa kutentha kwabwino kwambiri, komwe kumakhala pafupifupi 25 ° C. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti ziwerengerozi zimatanthawuza kutentha kwa mkati. Ubale pakati pa kutentha ndi moyo wa batri nthawi zambiri umawerengedwa kuti 'theka la moyo': pakukwera kulikonse kwa 10 °C pamwamba pa 25 °C mulingo woyenera, moyo wa batri umatheka. Choopsa chachikulu ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi kutaya madzi m'thupi, kumene electrolyte ya batri imasanduka nthunzi. Kumbali yakutsogolo, kutentha kozizira kumatha kukulitsa moyo wa batri koma kumachepetsa kupezeka kwake kwamphamvu.
Kuchulukitsa:
Kuchulukirachulukira kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri pa batire, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zolakwa za anthu, monga zoikamo ma charger olakwika, kapena chojambulira chomwe sichikuyenda bwino. M'makina a UPS, ma voliyumu othamangitsa amasintha kutengera gawo lacharge. Nthawi zambiri, batire imayamba kulipira pamagetsi okwera kwambiri (otchedwa 'bulk charge') kenako ndikukhalabe ndi mphamvu yotsika (yotchedwa 'float charge'). Kuchangitsa kwambiri kumatha kuchepetsa moyo wa batri ndipo, zikavuta kwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti matenthedwe athawe. Ndikofunikira kuti makina owunikira azindikire ndikudziwitsa ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi iliyonse yakuchulutsa.
Kulipiritsa:
Kuchangitsa mocheperako kumachitika pamene batire ilandila mphamvu yocheperako kuposa momwe imafunikira pakanthawi yayitali, ndikulephera kusunga mulingo wofunikira. Kuchapira pang'ono batire mosalekeza kumapangitsa kuti mphamvu ya batire ichepe komanso moyo wa batire uchepe. Kuchulutsa komanso kutsika pang'ono ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakulephera kwa batri. Iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti iwonetsetse kuti pali magetsi oyenera kuti batire ikhale yathanzi komanso moyo wautali.
Thermal Runaway:
Kuthamanga kwamafuta kumayimira kulephera kwakukulu kwa mabatire a lead acid. Kuchajisa kukakhala kochulukirachulukira chifukwa cha kachipangizo kakafupi kapena kolakwika, kutentha kumawonjezera kukana, komwe kumapangitsa kutentha kochulukirapo, kumakwera. Mpaka kutentha komwe kumapangidwa mkati mwa batire kupitilira mphamvu yake yozizirira, kuthawa kwamafuta kumachitika, kupangitsa kuti batire iume, kuyatsa, kapena kusungunuka.
Kuti athane ndi izi, pali njira zingapo zodziwira ndikuletsa kuthawa kwamafuta poyambira. Njira imodzi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndiyo kulipiritsa molingana ndi kutentha. Kutentha kumakwera, mphamvu yothamangitsira imachepetsedwa, ndipo pamapeto pake, kuyimitsa kuyima ngati kuli kofunikira. Njirayi imadalira masensa a kutentha omwe amaikidwa pa maselo a batri kuti ayang'ane kutentha. Ngakhale makina ena a UPS ndi ma charger akunja amapereka izi, nthawi zambiri, zowunikira kutentha ndizofunikira.
Kuchepa madzi m'thupi:
Mabatire onse a VRLA omwe amatuluka ndi VRLA amatha kutaya madzi. Kutaya madzi m'thupi kumeneku kungayambitse kuchepa kwa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa moyo wa batri, kutsindika kufunikira koyang'anira nthawi zonse. Mabatire otulutsa mpweya amataya madzi mosalekeza chifukwa cha nthunzi. Amapangidwa ndi zizindikiro zowoneka kuti ayang'ane milingo ya electrolyte ndikudzaza madzi mosavuta pakafunika.
Mabatire a Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) amakhala ndi ma electrolyte ochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu yotulutsa mpweya, ndipo choyikapo chake nthawi zambiri sichimawonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwunika kwamkati kukhala kovuta. Moyenera, mu mabatire a VRLA, mpweya wopangidwa kuchokera ku nthunzi (hydrogen ndi mpweya) uyenera kubwereranso m'madzi mkati mwa unit. Komabe, pakatentha kwambiri kapena kupanikizika, valavu yachitetezo ya VRLA imatha kutulutsa mpweya. Ngakhale kutulutsa kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhala kwabwinobwino komanso kosavulaza, kutulutsa gasi mosalekeza kumakhala kovuta. Kutayika kwa mpweya kumabweretsa kutaya madzi m'thupi kwa batire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabatire a VRLA nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi moyo pafupifupi theka la mabatire amwambo osefukira (VLA).
Kuipitsidwa:
Zoyipa mkati mwa electrolyte ya batri zimatha kukhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito. Kuwunika nthawi zonse ndi kukonza ndikofunikira, makamaka kwa mabatire akale kapena osamalidwa bwino, kuti tipewe zovuta zokhudzana ndi kuipitsidwa. M'mabatire a Valve-Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA), kuipitsidwa kwa electrolyte ndizochitika zosawerengeka, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadza chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kupanga. Komabe, nkhawa za kuipitsidwa ndizofala kwambiri m'mabatire a Vented Lead Acid (VLA), makamaka pamene madzi amawonjezedwa nthawi ndi nthawi ku electrolyte. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi odetsedwa, monga madzi apampopi m'malo mwa madzi osungunuka, kungayambitse kuipitsidwa. Kuyipitsidwa kotereku kumatha kupangitsa kuti batire ya asidi iwonongeke ndipo iyenera kupewedwa mwachangu kuti batire igwire bwino ntchito.
Zothandizira :
Mu mabatire a VRLA, zothandizira zimatha kupititsa patsogolo kuphatikizikanso kwa haidrojeni ndi okosijeni, kuchepetsa zotsatira za kuyanika ndipo potero kumatalikitsa moyo wake. Nthawi zina, ma catalysts amatha kukhazikitsidwa mutagula ngati chowonjezera ndipo angathandizenso kutsitsimutsa batire lakale. Komabe, ndikofunika kupitiriza mosamala; kusintha kulikonse kumakhala ndi ziwopsezo monga cholakwika chamunthu kapena kuipitsidwa. Kusintha kotereku kukuyenera kuchitika kokha ndi akatswiri omwe ali ndi maphunziro apadera afakitale kuti apewe kulephera kulowa mu batire.
Mapeto
Kulephera msanga kwa mabatire a lead-acid kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri pomvetsetsa bwino, kuyang'anira, ndi kukonza. Pozindikira zizindikiro za zovuta zomwe zingatheke monga kuchulukitsitsa, kutsika pang'ono, ndi kuthawa kwamafuta, moyo wa mabatire a VRLA ukhoza kufutukuka kwambiri. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kudziwa zambiri komanso chitsogozo, Dfun Tech imapereka zidziwitso ndi mayankho athanzi komanso kuwongolera bwino kwa mabatire a lead-acid. Kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a batri ndikofunikira kwa aliyense amene amadalira makina osungira mphamvu awa.
