I-Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) iyidivayisi yokuvikela amandla efakwe iyunithi yokugcina amandla, ikakhulukazi esebenzisa isiguquli ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphuma kwamandla okulawulwayo nokungaphazamiseki. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko uwukunikeza amandla azinzile naqhubekayo emishinini kagesi ngesikhathi sokungajwayelekile kwamandla, njengokuphazamiseka kokunikezwayo, ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi, noma ukwehluleka kwamandla, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe okokusebenza, ukuvikela idatha, nokuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi.
Umgomo wokusebenza we-UPS uhlanganisa ukuguqula i-alternating current (AC) ibe yamanje eqondisayo (DC) ngesilungisisi ngesikhathi sokuphakelwa kwamandla okuvamile, ngesikhathi esifanayo ishaja ibhethri layo. Lapho ukunikezwa kwamandla kuphazamiseka, i-UPS iguqulela ngokushesha amandla e-DC agcinwe ku-AC ngokusebenzisa isiguquli ukuze kugcinwe amandla kumthwalo oxhunyiwe, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki kwamadivayisi.
Amasistimu e-UPS asetshenziswa kabanzi kuyo yonke imikhakha yezohwebo, yezimboni, kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi:
Izindawo Zokuhweba
Ukuvikela amakhompyutha, amaseva enethiwekhi, nemishini yokuxhumana. Lawa masistimu afaka umthamo ophezulu, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokulinganisa.
Izicelo zezimboni
Ukuvikela imishini ye-automation kanye nezinhlelo zamarobhothi. Izibaluli eziyinhloko zifaka ukuthembeka okuphezulu, ukumelana nokuphazamiseka, nokubekezelela ukudlidliza.
Ukwaziswa kwesimanje
Ukuvikela izikhungo zedatha namagumbi eziphakeli. Lezi zixazululo zinikeza ukuminyana okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle, nokuqina.
Amasistimu e-UPS ahlukaniswa abe izinhlobo ezintathu ngokuya ngezimiso zawo zokusebenza:
I-UPS elindile
Inikeza amandla ngokuqondile asuka kumapayipi amakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile futhi ishintshela emandleni ebhethri kuphela ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Isikhathi soshintsho sincane.
I-UPS eku-inthanethi
Inikeza amandla aqhubekayo ngokusebenzisa i-inverter, kungakhathaliseki isimo sokuhlinzeka ngamapayipi, iqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lokuvikela kanye nekhwalithi yamandla.
Line-Interactive UPS
Ihlanganisa izici zakho kokubili okubekwe eceleni kanye nezinhlelo ze-inthanethi, ukuzinzisa amandla ngesiguquli ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile nokushintshela emandleni ebhethri ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokungajwayelekile.
Ukukhetha i-UPS Elungile: Uma ukhetha i-UPS, izici ezifana nomthamo wamandla ophelele, izici zokuphuma kwe-UPS, umthamo webhethri, nohlobo lwebhethri kufanele kucatshangelwe. Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zifaka:
Ukunquma izidingo zamandla eziphelele neziphakeme.
Ukuvumela ukuphindaphinda nokunwetshwa okuzayo.
Ukuhlola ikhwalithi yamandla, isikhathi sokusebenza, ukusebenza kahle, nokulahlekelwa kwamandla.
Amapharamitha angukhiye wokukhetha i-UPS elindile ihlanganisa:
Amandla Amandla
Lena ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu ye-UPS. Ikalwa ngama-kilowatts (kW) noma ama-kilovolt-amperes (kVA). Cabangela izidingo zokulayisha zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo.
Amasistimu we-Output Voltage
Standby UPS anikeza izinketho ezahlukene zamandla kagesi okukhiphayo. Khetha i-voltage efanelekile ngokusekelwe ezicacisweni zedivayisi.
Isikhathi Sokudlulisa
Isikhathi esithathwa ukushintsha phakathi kwamapayipi amakhulu namandla ebhethri. Amadivayisi abalulekile njengamaseva adinga isikhathi esincane sokudlulisa. Ezisetshenziswa ezibalulekile njengamaseva namadivayisi enethiwekhi, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ukhethe i-UPS enesikhathi esifushane sokudlulisa.
Izinketho ze-Output Waveform
ye-UPS yokulinda zifaka igagasi lesikwele, igagasi lesikwele esilinganayo, kanye negagasi elinesine. Ezisetshenziswa eziningi zasendlini nezasehhovisi, ukuphuma kwegagasi kwesikwele noma i-quasi-square kwanele. Okuphumayo kwe-Sine wave kukhethwa kumadivayisi omsindo noma wevidiyo ukugwema ukuhlanekezela.
Isikhathi sokusebenza sebhethri
Kunqunywa amandla okulayisha nomthamo webhethri, ovezwa ngamaminithi. Khetha ngokuya ngezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza.
Uhlobo Lwebhethri
Ngokuvamile lisebenzisa amabhethri e-lead-acid (VRLA) alawulwa yi-valve, anomthelela wesisindo, usayizi, kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa.
Ukusebenza
Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kuhumusha ukwehlisa izindleko zokusebenza.
Amasistimu e-Lithium-ion UPS osayizi nesisindo
ngokuvamile mancane futhi alula, alungele izilungiselelo ezibambezeleke isikhala.
Izici Zokuphatha Okuhlakaniphile
Imisebenzi efana nokuqapha okukude nokuvalwa okuzenzakalelayo kuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka nokuphepha.
Ibhrendi kanye Nesevisi Yangemuva Kokuthengisa
Imikhiqizo ehlonishwayo inikeza ukwethembeka nokusekelwa okungcono. Ukwengeza, isevisi enhle kakhulu yangemva kokuthengisa iyisici esibahle kakhulu yangemva kokuthengisa iyisici esibalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho ukhetha i-UPS.
Ngokucubungula ngokucophelela izici ezingenhla, ungakhetha i-UPS elindile ehlangabezana kangcono nezidingo zakho.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-UPS okuzinzile kudinga ukulungiswa njalo, nokho izinselelo zifaka:
Ukuhlola Okujwayelekile
Ukuqapha amaphaneli okusebenza nezibani zesignali kabili nsuku zonke ukuze urekhode amanani kagesi kanye namanani amanje, uqinisekisa ukuthi awekho amaphutha noma ama-alamu. Le nqubo ingase idle isikhathi futhi ibe namaphutha, ikakhulukazi ezikhungweni ezinkulu zedatha noma ezindaweni ezinamadivaysi amaningi.
Ukugcinwa Kwebhethri
Imisebenzi efana nokuhlanza, ukuhlola uxhumo, izilinganiso zikagesi zanyanga zonke, ukuhlolwa kwamandla onyaka kanye nokwenza kusebenze ibhethri kudinga ulwazi lochwepheshe namakhono ukuze kugwenywe ukulimala kwebhethri noma ukulahleka kwedatha.
Ukulawulwa Kwemvelo
Ukugcina amazinga okushisa afanele (20–25°C) e-UPS namabhethri kungaba inselele ezinkathini ezihlukene zonyaka noma ezindaweni.
Ukuphatha Umthwalo
Idinga ulwazi olunembile lwezidingo zomthwalo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugcwala ngokweqile nokwenza lula ukulungiswa.
Ukuxilongwa Kwephutha
Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-UPS, ukuxazulula izinkinga okufika ngesikhathi nangempumelelo kudinga ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe nolwazi.
Ukugcinwa Kokuvimbela
Ukuhlola okuvamile kwanyanga zonke, kwekota, kanye nonyaka kubalulekile kodwa ngokuvamile akunakwa.
Ukushintshwa Kwebhethri
Amabhethri adinga ukushintshwa ngezikhathi ezithile, izindleko ezingenayo kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula esingaba khona uma singanakwa.
Ukuze kubhekwane nezinselele zokunakekela, kuvele izixazululo ezintsha njengesixazululo sokuqapha ibhethri ngesikhathi sangempela. Lobu buchwepheshe buhlanganisa:
Isistimu Yokuqapha Ibhethri
Ukulandelela okuqhubekayo kwezimo zebhethri nokusebenza kokulinganisa.
Ukuhlola Amandla Ebhange Lebhethri
Yenza ukuhlolwa kwamandla ngezikhathi ezithile usebenzisa idivayisi ye-inthanethi ekude ukuze uqinisekise ukwethembeka okuphezulu kwamasistimu e-UPS.
Sengiphetha, ukwamukela izixazululo zokunakekela ezihlakaniphile kungasiza abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela, ukusebenza okunembayo, kanye namasistimu e-UPS alawulwa ngedijithali angagadiwe.
