Nigute bateri-ya bateri ya aside?

Bateri-acide ya acide yabaye imfuruka yikoranabuhanga ryingufu kuva yavumburwa hagati yikinyejana cya 19. Izi mbaraga zizewe zikoreshwa cyane muburyo butandukanye. Gusobanukirwa uburyo bateri-acide ikorwa na bacide ari ngombwa mugutezimbere imikorere yabo no kwagura ubuzima bwabo.

Bitri-aside

Bateri-acide igizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi bikorana kugirango bishishikarize kandi bikureho ingufu z'amashanyarazi neza. Ibintu by'ibanze birimo:

• Amasahani: Yakozwe muri dioxyde ya dioxyde (amasahani meza) na sponge iyobora (amasahani mbi), ibi bibizwa mubisubizo bya electrolyte.

• Amashanyarazi: Uruvange rwa aside sulfuric n'amazi, yorohereza imiti ikenewe mububiko bwingufu.

• Gutandukanya: Ibikoresho byo kwigarurira binini bishyirwa hagati yamasahani meza kandi mbi kugirango wirinde mu gihe gito mugihe ukwemerera imitwe ya ionic.

• ICYITONDERWA: Ikamba rifata riri rituruka ibintu byose byimbere, mubisanzwe bikozwe muri plastiki iramba cyangwa reberi.

• Terminal: Bateri ifite terefone ebyiri: nziza kandi mbi. Gufunga impaka bigira uruhare mu gusohora hirya no hino hamwe nubuzima burebure.

Amahame ya bateri ya acide

Imikorere ya bateri-aside ishingiye ku myitwarire ishingiye ku miti ikoreshwa hagati y'ibikoresho bikora ku masahani n'ibisubizo bya electrolyte.

Mugihe cyo gusohoka, inzira ikurikira ibaho:

Acide sulfuric muri electrolyte yitwaye neza hamwe nibyiza (biyobora dioxyde) nibibi (sponge) plaque. Iyi myitwarire itanga ibitekerezo sulfate sulfate kuri plaque zombi mugihe yakuye electrons binyuze mumuzunguruko wo hanze, zitanga amashanyarazi. Nkuko electrons igenda iva kuri plaque mbi kuri plate nziza ukoresheje umutwaro wo hanze, ingufu zitangwa kubikoresho bihujwe.

Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, iyi nzira irahindukira:

Isoko yo hanze ireba voltage hirya no hino kuri bateri. Ibinyabiziga byanditse byashyizwe mubikorwa byatoranijwe mu isahani mbi mugihe uhindura ishusho sulfate sulfate inyuma muburyo bwayo - kuyobora dioxyde kuri plaxy na sponge biyobora ibyapa bibi. Ibishishwa bya sulfuric byibandaho nkuko molekile y'amazi yacitsemo ibice muri electrolysis.

Iyi kamere ya cyclical yemerera bateri-aside isteri kugirango isubirwemo inshuro nyinshi nta gutesha agaciro mugihe ukomeje neza.

Kwishyuza no gusezerera

Tekinike ikwiye

Imigenzo ifatika yo kwishyuza ningirakamaro mugukomeza imikorere myiza muri bateri-aside:

• Guhagarika voltage ihagaze: Ubu buryo butuma kwishyuza aho voltage ikomeza agaciro gahoraho. Ibyiza ni uko ikipe ihanamye ihinduka nkibikorwa bya leta ya bateri.

• Kwishyuza inshuro eshatu: Guhuza amafaranga menshi (ubudahwema), kwishyuza (guhora voltage), hamwe nubuhanga butuma kwishyuza neza nta guhangayikishwa cyane nibigize bateri.

  
  

Gukurikirana ubushyuhe mugihe cyo kwishyuza ni ngombwa; Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru burashobora kwihutisha inzira mbi nkiyi idahwitse cyangwa ikirere cyo guhuriza hamwe.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gusezerera

Kuzenguruka bigomba gucungwa witonze kugirango wirinde gusohora byimazeyo bishobora kwangiza ubuzima bwa bateri:

Irinde kwirukana birenze 50% ubujyakuzimu - gusohora igihe cyose bishoboka; Gusohora byimbitse bigabanya uburemere rusange muri rusange.

Umwanzuro

Batteri-aside illid ningirakamaro mugukabirwa byingufu zizewe muburyo butandukanye. Mugusobanukirwa imiterere yabo n'amahame y'akazi, abakoresha barashobora kwerekana imikorere no kwagura ubuzima bwabo. Gukurikirana neza no gusohora ni ngombwa. Kubishyira mu bikorwa DFUN Gukurikirana Sisitemu (BMS) byemeza bateri-aside isteri ikomeje kuba igice cyingenzi cyo kubika ingufu. Sisitemu ikurikirana ibihangano byihariye, hanyuma ishishikarizwa / gusohora imiyoboro mubibo byinshi-selile, kandi ikubiyemo ibikorwa bya bateri hamwe nibiranga bateri yo kuzamura no kubungabunga.