Batteri ya aside-aside yabaye urufatiro mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu kuva ryavumburwa hagati mu kinyejana cya 19. Izi mbaraga zizewe zikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye. Gusobanukirwa uburyo bateri ya aside-aside ikora ningirakamaro mugutezimbere imikorere yabo no kwagura ubuzima bwabo.
Bateri ya aside-aside igizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi bifatanyiriza hamwe kubika no kurekura ingufu z'amashanyarazi neza. Ibintu by'ibanze birimo:
Isahani: Ikozwe muri dioxyde de piside (plaque positif) na sponge gurş (plaque mbi), ibyo byinjijwe mumuti wa electrolyte.
Electrolyte: Uruvange rwa acide sulfurike namazi, byoroshya imiti ikenewe mukubika ingufu.
Abatandukanya: Ibikoresho bito byoroheje bishyirwa hagati yamasahani meza kandi mabi kugirango wirinde kuzenguruka mugihe byemerera ionic kugenda.
Ibikoresho: Ikibaho gikomeye kirimo ibice byose byimbere, mubisanzwe bikozwe muri plastiki iramba cyangwa reberi.
Terminal: Batare ifite terminal ebyiri: nziza nibibi. Ikirangantego gifunze kigira uruhare runini rwo gusohora no kuramba.
Imikorere ya batiri ya aside-aside irazenguruka kumiti ihindagurika hagati yibikoresho bikora kumasahani hamwe numuti wa electrolyte.
Mugihe cyo gusohoka, inzira ikurikira iraba:
Acide sulfurike muri electrolyte ikora hamwe na plaque nziza (gurş dioxyde) hamwe na plaque mbi (sponge lead). Iyi reaction itanga sulfate ya plaque kumasahani yombi mugihe irekura electron binyuze mumuzunguruko wo hanze, ikabyara amashanyarazi. Mugihe electron zitemba ziva mubisahani mbi zisahani nziza binyuze mumuzigo wo hanze, ingufu zitangwa mubikoresho bihujwe.
Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, iyi nzira irahindurwa:
Inkomoko yo hanze ikoresha voltage hejuru ya bateri. Umuvuduko ukoreshwa utuma electron zisubira mu isahani itari nziza mugihe uhinduye sulfate ya sisitemu isubira muburyo bwayo bwa mbere - sisitemu ya dioxyde de plaque nziza na sponge ikayobora ku byapa bibi. Acide ya sulfure yiyongera uko molekile zamazi zacitsemo kabiri mugihe cya electrolysis.
Iyi miterere ya cycle ituma bateri ya acide-acide yishyurwa inshuro nyinshi nta kwangirika gukomeye iyo ibungabunzwe neza.
Uburyo bukwiye bwo kwishyuza
Uburyo bwiza bwo kwishyuza nibyingenzi mugukomeza gukora neza muri bateri ya aside-aside:
Amashanyarazi ahoraho: Ubu buryo butuma kwishyuza aho voltage ikomeza kugiciro gihoraho. Akarusho nuko amashanyarazi yumuriro ahita ahindurwa uko imiterere ya bateri ihinduka.
Kwishyuza ibyiciro bitatu: Harimo ubwinshi bwamafaranga (burigihe burigihe), kwishyurwa (guhora voltage), hamwe no kureremba kureremba (uburyo bwo kubungabunga), ubu buryo butanga amashanyarazi yuzuye nta guhangayikishwa cyane nibice bya batiri.
Gukurikirana ubushyuhe mugihe cyo kwishyuza ni ngombwa; ubushyuhe bwinshi burashobora kwihutisha inzira mbi nka gaze cyangwa guhunga ubushyuhe.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gusohora
Gusohora ibintu bigomba gucungwa neza kugirango wirinde gusohora cyane bishobora kwangiza ubuzima bwa bateri:
Irinde gusohora hejuru ya 50% byimbitse-yo gusohora igihe cyose bishoboka; gusohora byimbitse bigabanya igihe cyo kubaho muri rusange.
Bateri ya aside-aside ni ngombwa mu kubika ingufu zizewe mubikorwa bitandukanye. Mugusobanukirwa imiterere n'amahame y'akazi, abakoresha barashobora guhindura imikorere no kongera ubuzima bwabo. Gukurikirana neza no gusohora ibintu ni ngombwa. Gushyira mu bikorwa Sisitemu ya Monitori ya DFUN (BMS) ituma bateri ya aside-aside ikomeza kuba igice cyingenzi mubisubizo byububiko. Sisitemu ikurikirana amashanyarazi ya selile kugiti cye, hamwe no kwishyuza / gusohora amashanyarazi muburyo butandukanye bwakagari, kandi ikubiyemo ibikorwa bya bateri hamwe nuburinganire bwa batiri kugirango byongere igenzurwa no kubungabunga.
