Amabhethri aneasidi yomthofu abe yitshe lesisekelo kubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla kusukela asungulwa maphakathi nekhulu le-19. Le mithombo yamandla ethembekile isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuqonda ukuthi amabhethri e-lead-acid asebenza kanjani kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwawo kanye nokwelula impilo yawo.
Ibhethri le-lead-acid liqukethe izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisebenza ndawonye ukuze zigcine futhi zidedele amandla kagesi ngendlela efanele. Izinto eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
Amapuleti: Enziwe nge-lead dioxide (amapuleti alungile) kanye nomthofu wesipontshi (amapuleti anegative), lawa acwiliswa engxubeni ye-electrolyte.
I-Electrolyte: Ingxube ye-sulfuric acid namanzi, eyenza kube lula ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okudingekayo ekugcineni amandla.
Izihlukanisi: Izinto ezivikelayo ezizacile zibekwe phakathi kwamapuleti avumayo kanye nama-negative ukuvimbela ukujikeleza okufushane ngenkathi kuvumela ukunyakaza kwe-ionic.
Isitsha: Ikesi eliqinile elihlala zonke izingxenye zangaphakathi, ngokuvamile ezenziwe ngepulasitiki eqinile noma irabha.
Amatheminali: Ibhethri inamatheminali amabili: iphozithivu nenegethivu. Amatheminali avaliwe afaka isandla ekukhishweni okuphezulu kwamanje kanye nempilo ende yesevisi.
Ukusebenza kwebhethri elineasidi yomthofu kuzungeza ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okubuyiseleka emuva phakathi kwezinto ezisebenzayo ezisemapuletini nesisombululo se-electrolyte.
Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa, le nqubo elandelayo iyenzeka:
I-sulfuric acid ku-electrolyte isabela kukho kokubili okuhle (i-lead dioxide) kanye ne-negative (isipontshi somthofu). Lokhu kusabela kukhiqiza i-lead sulfate kuwo womabili amapuleti kuyilapho ikhipha ama-electron ngomjikelezo wangaphandle, ikhiqiza amandla kagesi. Njengoba ama-electron egeleza esuka ku-negative plate eya ku-positive plate ngomthwalo wangaphandle, amandla anikezwa kumadivayisi axhunyiwe.
Ngesikhathi sokushaja, le nqubo ihlehliswa:
Umthombo wamandla wangaphandle usebenzisa i-voltage kuwo wonke amatheminali ebhethri. I-voltage esetshenzisiwe ibuyisela ama-electron epuletini elingalungile kuyilapho iguqula i-lead sulfate ibuyele esimweni sayo sokuqala—i-lead dioxide kumapuleti aqondile kanye nomthofu wesipontshi ezingcwecweni ezingezinhle. Ukugxila kwe-sulfuric acid kuyanda njengoba ama-molecule amanzi ehlukana phakathi ne-electrolysis.
Le mvelo yomjikelezo ivumela amabhethri e-lead-asidi ukuthi ashajwe kabusha izikhathi eziningi ngaphandle kokuwohloka okukhulu lapho egcinwe kahle.
Amasu Okushaja Afanelekile
Izinqubo zokushaja ezisebenzayo zibalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle kwamabhethri aneasidi yomthofu:
Ukushaja I-Voltage Eqhubekayo: Le ndlela ivumela ukushaja lapho i-voltage igcinwa khona ngenani elingaguquki. Okuhle ukuthi ukushaja kwamanje kuzilungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo njengoba isimo sokushajwa sebhethri sishintsha.
Ukushaja okunezigaba ezintathu: Okuhlanganisa ukushajwa kwenqwaba (amanje njalo), ishaja yokumuncwa (i-voltage engashintshi), kanye neshaja ye-float (imodi yokulungisa), le nqubo iqinisekisa ukushajwa kabusha ngaphandle kokucindezelwa okukhulu ezingxenyeni zebhethri.
Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokushaja kubalulekile; amazinga okushisa aphezulu angasheshisa izinqubo ezilimazayo ezifana nokukhipha umoya noma ukubaleka okushisayo.
Izindlela Eziphumelelayo Zokukhipha
Imijikelezo yokukhipha kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela ukuze kugwenywe ukukhipha okujulile okungalimaza impilo yebhethri:
Gwema ukukhipha okungaphezu kuka-50% ukujula kokukhishwa noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka; ukukhishwa okujulile okuvame ukufinyeza impilo yonke ngokuphawulekayo.
Amabhethri e-lead-acid abalulekile ekugcineni amandla athembekile ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuqonda isakhiwo sabo nezimiso zokusebenza, abasebenzisi bangathuthukisa ukusebenza futhi banwebe ukuphila kwabo. Ukushaja okufanele kanye nokuqapha kokukhipha amanzi kubalulekile. Ukusebenzisa I-DFUN Battery Monitoring Systems (BMS) iqinisekisa ukuthi amabhethri e-lead-acid ahlala eyingxenye ebalulekile yezixazululo zokugcina amandla. Uhlelo luqapha ama-voltage eseli ngalinye, kanye nokushaja/ukukhiper abakhiqizi, Multi circuit AC Energy Meter abahlinzeki, Multi circuit AC Energy Meter wholesaler - DFUN TECH
