Amabhethri e-Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) awumgogodla wezinhlelo zamandla angaphazamiseki (UPS), ahlinzeka ngamandla ayisipele abalulekile ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Kodwa-ke, ukuqonda izici eziholela ekuhlulekeni kwebhethri le-asidi eholayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho balezi zinhlelo zamandla ezilindile. Lesi sihloko sidingida izici ezihlukahlukene ezithinta ukuphila isikhathi eside kwamabhethri e-VRLA, egqamisa ukubaluleka kokunakekelwa okufanele kwebhethri, ukusetshenziswa, nokunakekelwa ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yabo yesevisi.
Izici Eziyinhloko Ezithinta Impilo Yebhethri
Impilo Yesevisi
Izinga lokushisa
Ukushaja ngokweqile
Ukushaja okuncane
I-Thermal Runaway
Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni
Ukungcola
Ama-Catalysts
Impilo Yesevisi:
Njengoba kuchazwe i-IEEE 1881, impilo yesevisi yebhethri ibhekisela esikhathini sokusebenza ngempumelelo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ngokuvamile ezikalwa ngesikhathi noma inombolo yemijikelezo kuze kube yilapho umthamo webhethri wehlela kumaphesenti athile omthamo walo olinganiselwe wasekuqaleni.
Kuzinhlelo ze-UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies), amabhethri ngokuvamile agcinwa esesimweni sokushajwa okuntantayo esikhathini esiningi seminyaka yawo yokuphila. Kulo mongo, 'umjikelezo' ubhekisela kunqubo lapho ibhethri lisetshenziswa khona (likhishwa) bese libuyiselwa ekushajweni okugcwele. Inombolo yemijikelezo yokukhipha kanye nokushajwa ibhethri le-lead-asidi elingatholwa inomkhawulo. Umjikelezo ngamunye unciphisa kancane impilo yonke yebhethri. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda izimfuneko zokugibela ibhayisikili okungenzeka zisekelwe ekuthembekeni kwegridi yamandla wasendaweni kubalulekile phakathi nenqubo yokukhetha ibhethri, njengoba kuba nomthelela kakhulu engcupheni yokuhluleka kwebhethri.
Izinga lokushisa:
Izinga lokushisa lithinta kakhulu ukuthi ibhethri lisebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi lisebenza isikhathi esingakanani. Uma uhlola ukuthi izinga lokushisa likuthinta kanjani ukwehluleka kwamabhethri e-lead acid, ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwezinga lokushisa elizungezile (izinga lokushisa lomoya ozungezile) kanye nezinga lokushisa langaphakathi (izinga lokushisa le-electrolyte) kubalulekile. Nakuba izinga lokushisa elizungezile lomoya noma igumbi lingathinta izinga lokushisa langaphakathi, ushintsho alwenzi ngokushesha. Isibonelo, izinga lokushisa legumbi lingashintsha kakhulu phakathi nosuku, kodwa izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lingabona izinguquko ezincane kuphela.
Abakhiqizi bebhethri bavame ukuncoma izinga lokushisa elilungile lokusebenza, ngokuvamile eliba ngu-25 °C. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izibalo ngokuvamile zibhekisela ekushiseni kwangaphakathi. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinga lokushisa nempilo yebhethri ngokuvamile bulinganiswa 'uhhafu wempilo': kukho konke ukukhuphuka okungu-10 °C ngaphezu kokufaneleka okungu-25 °C, ubude besikhathi sempilo yebhethri buhluka ngohhafu. Ingozi ebaluleke kakhulu enamazinga okushisa aphezulu ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, lapho i-electrolyte yebhethri ihwamuka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazinga okushisa apholile angase andise impilo yebhethri kodwa ehlise ukutholakala kwayo kwamandla ngokushesha.
Ukushaja ngokweqile:
Ukushaja ngokweqile kubhekisela ohlelweni lokusebenzisa ukushaja okuningi ebhethrini, okuholela ekulimaleni okungaba khona. Le nkinga ingase isuke emaphutheni omuntu, njengezilungiselelo zeshaja ezingalungile, noma ishaja engasebenzi kahle. Ezinhlelweni ze-UPS, i-voltage yokushaja iyashintsha ngokusekelwe esigabeni sokushaja. Imvamisa, ibhethri lizoshaja kuqala ngamandla kagesi aphezulu (okwaziwa ngokuthi 'ishaje yenqwaba') bese ligcina amandla kagesi aphansi (owaziwa ngele-'float charge'). Ukushaja okweqile kunganciphisa kakhulu impilo yebhethri futhi, ezimeni ezibucayi, kubangele ukubaleka okushisayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi amasistimu okuqapha akhombe futhi axwayise abasebenzisi nganoma yiziphi izimo zokushajwa ngokweqile.
Ukushaja Ngaphansi:
Ukushaja okungaphansi kwenzeka lapho ibhethri ithola amandla kagesi amancane kunalawo adingekayo esikhathini esinwetshiwe, yehluleka ukugcina izinga lokushaja elidingekayo. Ukushajwa ngaphansi kwebhethri ngokuqhubekayo kubangela ukuncipha kwamandla kanye nempilo yebhethri emfushane. Kokubili ukushaja ngokweqile nokushaja okuncane kuyizici ezibalulekile ekuhlulekeni kwebhethri. Kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi okulungile ukuze kugcinwe impilo yebhethri nokuphila isikhathi eside.
I-Thermal Runaway:
I-thermal Runaway imelela uhlobo olunzima lokwehluleka kumabhethri e-lead acid. Uma kukhona amandla amaningi okushaja ngenxa yezilungiselelo zangaphakathi zokushaja ezifushane noma ezingalungile, ukushisa kwandisa ukumelana, okubuye kukhiqize ukushisa okwengeziwe, kukhuphuke. Kuze kube yilapho ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwebhethri kudlula amandla ako okupholisa, kwenzeka ukubaleka okushisayo, okubangela ukuthi ibhethri lome, livutha, noma lincibilike.
Ukuze ulwe nalokhu, kukhona amasu amaningana okuthola nokuvimbela ukuphuma kokushisa ekuqaleni kwawo. Enye indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ukushaja okunxeshezelwa kwezinga lokushisa. Njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-voltage yokushaja iyancipha ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi ekugcineni, ukushaja kuyama uma kunesidingo. Le ndlela incike kuzinzwa zezinga lokushisa ezibekwe kumaseli ebhethri ukuze zigade amazinga okushisa. Ngenkathi amanye amasistimu e-UPS namashaja angaphandle enikeza lesi sici, ngokuvamile, izinzwa zokushisa ezibalulekile azikhethelwa.
Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni:
Womabili amabhethri aphuma umoya kanye ne-VRLA asengozini yokulahlekelwa amanzi. Lokhu kuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungaholela ekuncipheni kwamandla kanye nempilo yebhethri encishisiwe, okugcizelela isidingo sokuhlolwa njalo kokulungisa. Amabhethri aphuma umoya alahlekelwa amanzi ngokuqhubekayo ngenxa yokuhwamuka. Zenziwe ngezinkomba ezibonakalayo ukuze zihlole amazinga e-electrolyte futhi zigcwalise kalula amanzi lapho kudingeka.
Amabhethri e-Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) aqukethe i-electrolyte encane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezifakwa umoya, futhi i-casing yawo ngokuvamile ayibonisi ngale, okwenza ukuhlola kwangaphakathi kube inselele. Ngokufanelekile, kumabhethri e-VRLA, amagesi akhiqizwa ekuhwamuleni (i-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo) kufanele ahlangane abuyele emanzini ngaphakathi kweyunithi. Nokho, ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okudlulele noma ingcindezi, ivalvu yokuphepha ye-VRLA ingase iyikhiphe igesi. Nakuba ukukhululwa okungavamile kuvamile futhi ngokuvamile kungenangozi, ukuxoshwa kwegesi okuqhubekayo kuyinkinga. Ukulahleka kwamagesi kuholela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni okungenakulungiseka kwebhethri, okufaka isandla ekutheni kungani amabhethri e-VRLA ngokuvamile enesikhathi sokuphila esicishe sibe uhhafu wamabhethri agcwele izikhukhula (VLA).
Ukungcola:
Ukungcola okungaphakathi kwe-electrolyte yebhethri kungaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu ekusebenzeni. Ukuhlola nokunakekelwa okuvamile kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi kumabhethri amadala noma anakekelwa ngendlela engafanele, ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga ezihlobene nokungcola. Kumabhethri e-Valve-Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA), ukungcoliswa kwe-electrolyte kuyisenzakalo esingavamile, esivame ukuvela ngenxa yokukhubazeka kokukhiqiza. Nokho, ukukhathazeka ngokungcola kuvame kakhulu kumabhethri e-Vented Lead Acid (VLA), ikakhulukazi uma amanzi engezwa ngezikhathi ezithile ku-electrolyte. Ukusebenzisa amanzi angcolile, njengamanzi kampompi esikhundleni samanzi acwecwe, kungaholela ekungcoleni. Ukungcola okunjalo kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlulekeni kwebhethri le-asidi futhi kufanele kugwenywe ngenkuthalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwebhethri.
Ama-Catalysts :
Kumabhethri e-VRLA, ama-catalysts angathuthukisa kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa kabusha kwe-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo, ehlise imiphumela yokomisa futhi ngaleyo ndlela andise ubude bayo bempilo. Kwezinye izimo, ama-catalyst angafakwa ngemva kokuthenga njengesisetshenziswa esengeziwe futhi angasiza nokuvuselela ibhethri elidala. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka ngokuqapha; noma yiziphi izinguquko zenkambu zithwala izingozi ezifana nephutha lomuntu okungenzeka noma ukungcola. Ukushintsha okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ochwepheshe abanokuqeqeshwa okuthile kwasefekthri ukugwema ukwehluleka ukungena ebhethrini.
Isiphetho
Ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwamabhethri e-lead-acid kungancishiswa kakhulu ngokuqonda kahle, ukugadwa, nokugcinwa kahle. Ngokubona izimpawu zezinkinga ezingase zibe khona njengokushaja ngokweqile, ukushaja ngaphansi, kanye nokubaleka okushisayo, impilo yamabhethri e-VRLA inganwetshwa kakhulu. Kulabo abafuna ulwazi olwengeziwe nesiqondiso, i-Dfun Tech inikeza ukuqonda okuphelele nezisombululo zokulondoloza impilo nokusebenza kahle kwamabhethri e-lead-acid. Ukuqonda ibhalansi eyinkimbinkimbi yezinto ezibonakalayo nezamakhemikhali ezithinta ukusebenza kwebhethri kubalulekile kunoma ubani othembele kulawa masistimu okulondoloza amandla abalulekile.
