Ku twisisa ku hambana exikarhi ka ku lwisana ka le ndzeni na ku sivela i swa nkoka swinene eka mani na mani loyi a tirhaka hi tibetiri ta UPS, tisisiteme ta BMS, kumbe switirhisiwa swa elektroniki swa gezi. Hambi leswi ti talaka ku tirhisiwa hi ku cincana, ti yimela swivumbeko swa gezi leswi hambaneke hi xisekelo – xin’wana xa swirhendzevutani swa DC, xin’wana xa AC. Nkongomiso lowu wu nyika ku pimanisiwa loku nga erivaleni, ka xithekiniki na switandzhaku leswi tirhaka eka ku vekiwa tihlo ka betri.
Ku lwisana ka le ndzeni i ku kanetana na ku khuluka ka current endzeni ka betri loko ku tirhisiwa direct current (DC). Swi humelela eka ku lwisana ka electrolyte, ti electrode na swihlanganisi swa le ndzeni. Ku tiya ka le ndzeni i nhlayo ya xiviri (xikombiso, 5.3 mΩ) naswona a swi cinci hi frequency. I xin’wana xa swikombiso swa nkoka swinene swa rihanyo ra betri – ku tlakuka ka ku tiya ka le ndzeni switala ku kombisa sulfation, grid corrosion, kumbe ku lahlekeriwa hi vuswikoti.
Impedance i ku kanetana hinkwako eka alternating current (AC) eka xirhendzevutani. Swikatsa ku lwisana (xiphemu xa xiviri) na reactance (xiphemu xa miehleketo, kusuka eka capacitance na inductance). Impedance yi titshege hi frequency naswona yi kombisiwa tani hi nomboro leyi rharhanganeke (R + jX). Eka ku langutisisa betri, ku tirhisiwa mimpimo ya AC impedance ku kambela swihlawulekisi swa le ndzeni handle ko humesa betri.
Tafula ra 1: Ku hambana lokukulu exikarhi ka ku lwisana ka le ndzeni (DC) na ku sivela (AC) eka vunjhiniyara bya gezi.
| Xiphemu xa Nhundzu ya Gezi | Ku lwisana ka le ndzeni (R) | Ku sivela (Z) . |
|---|---|---|
| Xikombelo xa Xirhendzevutani | Yi tirhisiwa ngopfu eka swirhendzevutani leswi tirhaka hi direct current (DC). | Ngopfu ngopfu yi tirhisiwa eka swirhendzevutani leswi endleriweke alternating current (AC). |
| Vukona bya Xirhendzevutani | Swi voniwa eka swirhendzevutani swa alternating current (AC) na direct current (DC). | Ku hlawuleka eka swirhendzevutani swa alternating current (AC), leswi nga riki kona eka DC. |
| Sukaka kona | Yi huma eka swiaki leswi sivelaka ku khuluka ka gezi. | Yi humelela eka nhlanganelo wa swiaki leswi lwisanaka na ku angula eka gezi. |
| Xivulavulelo xa Tinhlayo | Yi kombisiwa hiku tirhisa tinomboro ta xiviri leti tiyeke, xikombiso, 5.3 mΩ. | Ku kombisiwa hi tinomboro ta xiviri na swiphemu swa miehleketo, leswi kombisiweke hi R + jX. |
| Ku Titshega ka Nkarhi na Nkarhi | Nhlayo ya yona yitshama yirikarhi yi cinca cinca kunga khathariseki frequency ya DC current. | Nhlayo ya yona yi cinca cinca hiku cinca ka frequency ya AC current. |
| Xihlawulekisi xa Xiyenge | A yi kombisi swihlawulekisi swa phase angle kumbe magnitude. | Yi tiveka hi vumbirhi bya angle ya phase leyi tiyeke na vukulu. |
| Mahanyelo eka Nsimu ya Electromagnetic | Ntsena yi kombisa ku hangalaka ka matimba loko yi hlangana na matimba ya electromagnetic. | Ku kombisa ku hangalaka ka matimba na vuswikoti byo hlayisa eneji eka ndzhawu ya electromagnetic. |
Eka Tisisiteme ta manguva lawa ta Vulawuri bya Betiri (BMS), ku lwisana ka le ndzeni na ku sivela swi vekiwa tihlo ku aka xifaniso lexi heleleke xa rihanyo ra betri. Ku tlakuka ka ku lwisana ka le ndzeni i xilemukiso xa xihatla xa ku onhaka, kasi impedance spectroscopy yi nga paluxa ku cinca ka tikhemikhali ta le ndzeni. DFUN BMS yi tirhisa tindlela to pima ta AC leti kongomeke ku landzelela mikhuva ya ku lwisana ka le ndzeni na ku kuma swihoxo swi nga si yisa eka ku tsandzeka.
BMS ya DFUN yi tirhisa current ya AC ya frequency leyi nga cinciki eka sele yin’wana na yin’wana ya betri naswona yi pima ku hunguteka ka voltage loku vangiwaka hi swona. Ku tiya ka le ndzeni ku hlayeriwa hiku tirhisa nawu wa Ohm, hi ku pakanisa ka ±1-2%. Ndlela leyi a yi ngheneleli, a yi lavi ku tsemiwa ka betri, naswona yi nyika datha ya nkarhi wa xiviri eka vuhlayiseki lebyi vhumbhaka.
Resistance yale ndzeni (R) i DC property leyi kanetaka current flow, kasi impedance (Z) i AC property leyi katsaka resistance na reactance.
Ku tlakuka ka ku tiya ka le ndzeni i xin’wana xa swikombiso swo sungula swa ku onhaka ka betri, sulfation, na ku lahlekeriwa hi vuswikoti.
DFUN BMS yi tirhisa ndlela ya fixed-frequency AC current injection ku pima ku tiya ka le ndzeni hi 1-2% wa ku pakanisa, handle ko kavanyeta ntirho wa betri.
