Libetri tsa asiti ea lead esale e le motheo oa theknoloji ea polokelo ea matla ho tloha ha li qaptjoa bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo. Mehloli ena e tšepahalang ea matla e sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng. Ho utloisisa hore na libeteri tsa lead-acid li sebetsa joang ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea tsona le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba tsona.
Betri ea asiti ea lead e na le likarolo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa tse sebetsang 'moho ho boloka le ho lokolla matla a motlakase hantle. Lintlha tsa mantlha li kenyelletsa:
Lipoleiti: Li entsoe ka lead dioxide (lipoleiti tse ntle) le lloto ea seponche (lipoleiti tse mpe), tsena li qoelisoa ka har’a motsoako oa electrolyte.
Electrolyte: Motsoako oa sulfuric acid le metsi, o thusang ho sebetsana le lik'hemik'hale tse hlokahalang bakeng sa polokelo ea matla.
Li-Separators: Lisebelisoa tse tšesaane tse sireletsang li behoa pakeng tsa lipoleiti tse ntle le tse mpe ho thibela ho potoloha ha nakoana ha ho ntse ho lumella ho tsamaea ha ionic.
Container: Casing e matla e bolokang likarolo tsohle tsa kahare, hangata e entsoe ka polasetiki e tšoarellang kapa rabara.
Lisebelisoa: Betri e na le li-terminals tse peli: positive le negative. Li-terminals tse tiisitsoeng li kenya letsoho ho phallong e phahameng ea hona joale le bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso.
Ts'ebetso ea betri ea asiti e etellang pele e potoloha karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale e fetohang lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa tse sebetsang lipoleiting le tharollo ea electrolyte.
Nakong ea ts'ebetso, ts'ebetso e latelang e etsahala:
Asiti ea sulfuric e ka har'a electrolyte e sebetsana le lipoleiti tse ntle (lead dioxide) le tse mpe (seponcheng). Karabelo ena e hlahisa lead sulfate lipoleiting ka bobeli ha e ntse e lokolla lielektrone ka potoloho ea kantle, e hlahisang motlakase. Ha li-electrone li phalla ho tloha poleiti e mpe ho ea ho poleiti e ntle ka mojaro o ka ntle, matla a fanoa ho lisebelisoa tse hokahaneng.
Nakong ea ho tjhaja, mokhoa ona o khutlisetsoa morao:
Mohloli oa matla o tsoang kantle o sebelisa voltage ho litheminale tsa betri. Matla a sebelisoang a khutlisetsa lielektrone poleiting e mpe ha a ntse a fetola lead sulfate hore e khutlele mefuteng ea eona ea pele—lead dioxide holim’a lipoleiti tse nepahetseng le loto ea seponche holim’a lipoleiti tse mpe. Maemo a sulfuric acid a eketseha ha limolek'hule tsa metsi li arohana nakong ea electrolysis.
Sebopeho sena sa cyclical se lumella libeteri tsa lead-acid hore li nchafatsoe hangata ntle le ho senyeha ho hoholo ha li hlokometsoe hantle.
Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho tjhaja
Mekhoa e sebetsang ea ho tjhaja e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea libeteri tsa lead-acid:
Constant Voltage Charging: Mokhoa ona o lumella ho tjhaja moo motlakase o bolokiloeng ka boleng bo sa feleng. Molemo ke hore motlakase oa ho tjhaja o ikamahanya le maemo ha betri e ntse e fetoha.
Ho tjhaja Mehato e meraro: Ho kenyelletsa tefiso e ngata (ea hona joale), tefiso ea ho monya (voltage e sa feleng), le tjhaja ea float (mokhoa oa tlhokomelo), mokhoa ona o netefatsa ho tjhaja ka botlalo ntle le khatello e feteletseng ea likarolo tsa betri.
Ho hlokomela mocheso nakong ea ho tjhaja ho bohlokoa; mocheso o phahameng o ka potlakisa lits'ebetso tse senyang joalo ka gassing kapa thermal runway.
Mekhoa e Sebetsang ea ho Lahlela
Lipotoloho tsa ho ntša metsi li lokela ho laoloa ka hloko ho qoba ho tsoa ho tebileng ho ka senyang bophelo ba betri:
Qoba ho ntša metsi ho feta 50% ha ho khoneha; ho tsoa khafetsa ho tebileng ho khutsufatsa nako ea bophelo ka kakaretso haholo.
Libetri tsa asiti ea lead li bohlokoa bakeng sa polokelo ea matla e tšepahalang lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng. Ka ho utloisisa sebopeho sa bona le melao-motheo ea ts'ebetso, basebelisi ba ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba bona. Tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea ho tjhaja le ho tsoa mali ke ea bohlokoa. Ho kenya tshebetsong DFUN Battery Monitoring Systems (BMS) e netefatsa hore libeteri tsa lead-lead li lula e le karolo ea bohlokoa ea litharollo tsa polokelo ea matla. Sistimi e lekola li-voltage tsa lisele tsa motho ka mong, le maqhubu a ho tjhaja / ho lahla ka har'a tlhophiso ea lisele tse ngata, 'me e kenyelletsa ts'ebetso ea betri le likarolo tsa ho leka-lekanya betri ho matlafatsa taolo le tlhokomelo.
