Mutsari: Site Editor Publish Nkarhi: 2024-07-01 Masungulo: Ndhawu
Tibetiri ta lead-acid ti vile ribye ra xisekelo eka thekinoloji yo hlayisa eneji ku sukela loko ti tumbuluxiwile exikarhi ka lembe xidzana ra vu-19. Swihlovo leswi swa gezi leswi tshembekaka swi tirhisiwa ngopfu eka switirhisiwa swo hambana. Ku twisisa ndlela leyi tibetiri ta lead-acid ti tirhaka ha yona i swa nkoka eka ku antswisa matirhelo ya tona na ku engetela vutomi bya tona.
Betiri ya lead-acid yi na swiphemu swo hlayanyana swa nkoka leswi tirhaka swin’we ku hlayisa na ku humesa eneji ya gezi hi ndlela leyinene. Swilo swa nkoka swi katsa:
Tipuleti: Ti endliwe hi lead dioxide (ti plates letinene) na xiponci lead (ti plates to biha), leswi swi nghenisiwa eka electrolyte solution.
Electrolyte: Nkatsakanyo wa sulfuric acid na mati, leswi olovisaka ti khemikhali leti lavekaka eka vuhlayiselo bya eneji.
Swihambanisi: Switirhisiwa swo olova swo pfalela swivekiwa exikarhi ka ti plates ta kahle na letinga negative ku sivela ku short-circuit loko swiri karhi swipfumelela ku famba ka ionic.
Xigwitsirisi: Xifunengeto xo tiya lexi nga na swiphemu hinkwaswo swa le ndzeni, leswi hi ntolovelo swi endliwaka hi pulasitiki kumbe rhaba leyi tiyeke.
Titheminali: Betiri yi na titheminali timbirhi: positive na negative. Titheminali leti pfaleriweke ti hoxa xandla eka ku humesiwa ka sweswi ka sweswi na vutomi byo leha bya ntirho.
Ku tirhisiwa ka betri ya lead-acid swi rhendzeleka hi ku cinca ka tikhemikhali leti nga hundzukiki exikarhi ka switirhisiwa leswi tirhaka eka tipuleti na xitofu xa electrolyte.
Hi nkarhi wa ku humesiwa, ku humelela endlelo leri landzelaka:
Sulfuric acid eka electrolyte yi endla leswaku ti plates ta positive (lead dioxide) na negative (sponge lead). Ku cinca loku ku humesa sulfate ya lead eka ti plates leti hatimbirhi loko ku ri karhi ku humesiwa ti electrons hi xirhendzevutani xa le handle, leswi humesaka gezi. Loko tielektroni ti khuluka ku suka eka pulati leyi nga riki yinene ku ya eka pulati leyinene hi ku tirhisa ndzhwalo wa le handle, matimba ma phakeriwa eka switirhisiwa leswi hlanganisiweke.
Hi nkarhi wa ku chaja, endlelo leri ri tlheriseriwa endzhaku:
Xihlovo xa gezi xa le handle xi tirhisa voltage ku tsemakanya titheminali ta betri. Voltage leyi tirhisiweke yi endla leswaku tielektroni ti tlhelela eka pulati leyi nga riki yinene loko ti ri karhi ti hundzula sulfate ya lead yi tlhelela eka swivumbeko swa yona swo sungula—ku yisa dioxide eka tipuleti letinene ni lead ya xiponci eka tipuleti leti nga riki tinene. Nhlayo ya sulfuric acid yi tlakuka loko ti molecule ta mati ti avana hi nkarhi wa electrolysis.
Ntumbuluko lowu wa xirhendzevutani wu pfumelela tibetiri ta lead-acid kuva ti chajiwa nakambe minkarhi yotala handle ka ku onhaka lokukulu loko ti hlayisiwa kahle.
Maendlelo ya kahle yo chaja .
Maendlelo yo chaja lama tirhaka i ya nkoka swinene eka ku hlayisa matirhelo lamanene eka tibetiri ta lead-acid:
Ku chaja ka voltage leyi nga cinciki: Ndlela leyi yi pfumelela ku chaja laha voltage yi hlayisiwaka hi nhlayo leyi nga cinciki. Vuyelo bya kona hileswaku current yo chaja yi lulamisiwa hi ku tisungulela loko xiyimo xa charge xa betri xi cinca.
Ku chaja ka switeji swinharhu: ku katsa bulk charge (constant current), absorption charge (constant voltage), na float charge (maintenance mode), thekiniki leyi yi tiyisisa ku chajiwa loku heleleke handle ka ntshikelelo wo tlula mpimo eka swiphemu swa betri.
Ku veka tihlo eka mahiselo hi nkarhi wa ku chaja i swa nkoka swinene; Mahiselo yale henhla yanga hatlisisa maendlelo yo onha kufana na gassing kumbe thermal runaway.
Maendlelo yo humesa lama tirhaka .
Swirhendzevutani swa ku humesa swifanele ku lawuriwa hi vukheta kuva swi papalata ku humesiwa loku dzikeke leswinga onhaka rihanyo ra betri:
Papalata ku humesa ku tlula 50% depth-of-discharge loko swi koteka; Ku tshamela ku humesa swilo leswi dzimeke swi pfuxeta vutomi hinkwabyo swinene.
Tibetiri ta lead-acid i ta nkoka eka vuhlayiselo bya eneji lebyi tshembekaka eka switirhisiwa swo hambana. Hi ku twisisa xivumbeko xa vona na milawu ya ntirho, vatirhisi va nga antswisa matirhelo na ku andlala vutomi bya vona. Ku vekiwa kahle na ku vekiwa tihlo ka ku humesiwa ka swilo i swa nkoka swinene. Ku tirhisa . Tisisiteme ta ku Langutisisa Tibetiri ta DFUN (BMS) ti tiyisisa leswaku tibetiri ta lead-acid ti tshama ti ri xiphemu xa nkoka xa swintshuxo swa vuhlayiselo bya eneji. Sisiteme yi languta ti voltage ta sele ha yin’we yin’we, na ti current ta charge/discharge eka ti multi-cell configurations, naswona yi katsa ku tirhisiwa ka battery na swihlawulekisi swo ringanisela betri ku ndlandlamuxa vulawuri na vuhlayiseki.
