Lead-acid roj teeb tau ua lub hauv paus hauv lub zog cia khoom siv txij li lawv tsim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-19th caug xyoo. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txhim khu kev qha no tau siv dav hauv ntau daim ntawv thov. Kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas cov roj ntsha lead-acid ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab txuas ntxiv lawv lub neej.
Lub roj teeb lead-acid muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb uas ua haujlwm ua ke los khaws thiab tso tawm hluav taws xob zoo. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
Daim hlau: Ua los ntawm cov hlau lead dioxide (cov phaj zoo) thiab cov hmoov txhuam hniav (cov phaj tsis zoo), cov no tau muab tso rau hauv cov tshuaj electrolyte.
Electrolyte: Ib qho sib xyaw ntawm sulfuric acid thiab dej, uas pab txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim nyog rau lub zog cia.
Separators: Nyias insulating cov ntaub ntawv yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo daim hlau los tiv thaiv luv luv Circuit Court thaum tso cai rau ionic zog.
Thawv: Ib lub thawv uas muaj zog uas nyob hauv tag nrho cov khoom sab hauv, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov yas los yog roj hmab.
Terminals: Lub roj teeb muaj ob lub davhlau ya nyob twg: zoo thiab tsis zoo. Cov terminals kaw ua rau muaj kev tso tawm tam sim no thiab ua haujlwm ntev.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub roj teeb lead-acid yog nyob ib puag ncig cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rov qab los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nquag ntawm daim hlau thiab cov tshuaj electrolyte.
Thaum tso tawm, cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tshwm sim:
Cov sulfuric acid nyob rau hauv electrolyte reacts nrog ob qho tib si zoo (lead dioxide) thiab tsis zoo (sponge lead) daim hlau. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no ua rau cov hlau lead sulfate ntawm ob daim hlau thaum tso cov hluav taws xob los ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob sab nraud, tsim hluav taws xob tam sim no. Raws li cov hluav taws xob ntws los ntawm cov phaj tsis zoo mus rau lub phaj zoo ntawm kev thauj khoom sab nraud, lub zog tau muab rau cov khoom siv sib txuas.
Thaum them nyiaj, cov txheej txheem no thim rov qab:
Ib qho hluav taws xob sab nraud siv qhov hluav taws xob hla lub roj teeb terminals. Cov hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob tsav hluav taws xob rov qab mus rau hauv lub phaj tsis zoo thaum hloov cov hlau lead sulfate rov qab rau hauv nws cov qauv qub - txhuas dioxide rau ntawm daim hlau zoo thiab daim txhuam cev ua rau ntawm daim hlau tsis zoo. Sulfuric acid concentrations nce raws li dej molecules sib cais thaum electrolysis.
Qhov xwm txheej no tso cai rau cov roj ntsha lead-acid rov qab ntau zaus yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj loj thaum khaws cia zoo.
Cov txheej txheem them nqi kom raug
Cov kev coj ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas qhov ua tau zoo hauv cov roj ntsha lead-acid:
Them tsis tu ncua Voltage: Txoj kev no tso cai rau them qhov twg qhov hluav taws xob tau khaws cia ntawm tus nqi tas li. Qhov kom zoo dua yog tias qhov them tam sim no tau hloov kho raws li lub xeev them nqi ntawm lub roj teeb hloov.
Kev them nqi peb-theem: suav nrog cov nqi them tas li (tam sim no tsis tu ncua), tus nqi nqus (tsis tu ncua voltage), thiab ntab tus nqi (hom tu), cov txheej txheem no ua kom muaj kev sib tw zoo dua yam tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau ntawm cov roj teeb.
Kev ntsuas kub thaum them nyiaj yog qhov tseem ceeb; Cov kub kub tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem tsis zoo xws li gassing lossis thermal runaway.
Cov txheej txheem tshem tawm tau zoo
Cov voj voog pov tseg yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas kom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj qhov sib sib zog nqus tawm uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub roj teeb tsis zoo:
Tsis txhob tso tawm ntau tshaj 50% qhov tob ntawm qhov tso tawm thaum twg ua tau; nquag sib sib zog nqus tawm ua kom luv lub neej tag nrho.
Lead-acid roj teeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev cia siab rau lub zog hauv ntau yam kev siv. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog lawv cov qauv thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm, cov neeg siv tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab txuas ntxiv lawv lub neej. Kev saib xyuas kom zoo thiab tso tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Kev ua DFUN Battery Monitoring Systems (BMS) ua kom cov roj ntsha lead-acid tseem yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem. Lub kaw lus saib xyuas tus kheej ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes, thiab them nqi / tso tawm tam sim no hauv ntau lub xov tooj ntawm tes, thiab suav nrog kev ua kom lub roj teeb thiab roj teeb ntsuas cov yam ntxwv txhawm rau txhim kho kev tswj hwm thiab kev saib xyuas.
