Omuwandiisi: Omuwandiisi w'omukutu Publish Time: 2024-10-17 Ensibuko: Ekibanja
Amaanyi g’ekifo ky’amasimu gatwalibwa ng’omusaayi gw’omukutu gw’amasimu, ate bbaatule etwalibwa ng’ekifo kyayo eky’omusaayi, ekikuuma enkola y’omukutu guno mu ngeri ennyangu. Wabula okuddaabiriza bbaatule bulijjo kibadde kizibu. Nga abakola ebintu bagenda mu maaso n’okukendeeza ku bbeeyi oluvannyuma lw’okugula ebintu mu kifo ekimu, omutindo gwa bbaatule gukendedde nnyo. Buli mwaka, ebitundu ebisoba mu 70% ku nkola y’amasimu okulemererwa biva ku nsonga za bbaatule, ekifuula okuddaabiriza bbaatule okulumwa omutwe eri abakozi b’okuddaabiriza. Ekiwandiiko kino kiwa okwekenneenya ebikulu ebivaako bbaatule okulemererwa, ekiyinza okukola ng’ekintu eky’omugaso eri abalala.
1. Ebikozesebwa mu kukola amasannyalaze mu kifo kino overview .
Ebyuma ebikola amasannyalaze mu kifo kino birimu yuniti bbiri eza UPS 40kVA okuva mu kkampuni emanyiddwa ennyo mu nsi yonna. Battery zino zateekebwawo mu 2016. Wansi waliwo ebisingawo:
Amawulire ga UPS . | Ebikwata ku bbaatule . |
Brand & Model: UPs z'ensi yonna UL33 | Brand & Model: 12V 100Ah . |
Ensengeka: 40 kVA, yuniti 2 mu nkola ekwatagana, buli emu ng’erina omugugu gwa kW nga 5 . | Omuwendo gwa bbaatule: obutoffaali 30 buli kibinja, ebibinja 2, nga byonna awamu biweza obutoffaali 60 . |
Olunaku lw’okutandika okukola: 2006 (emyaka 10 egy’obuweereza) | Olunaku lw’okutandika okukola: 2016 (emyaka 5 egy’obuweereza) |
Nga June 6th, abakola UPS baakola okuddaabiriza okwa bulijjo, ne bakyusa AC ne DC capacitors (emyaka 5 egy’obuweereza) n’abawagizi. Mu kiseera ky’okugezesa bbaatule (eddakiika 20), kyazuuliddwa nti omutindo gwa bbaatule gwali mubi. Akasannyalazo akafuluma kaali 16A, era oluvannyuma lw’eddakiika 10 ez’okufulumya, vvulovumenti y’obutoffaali obuwerako yagwa okutuuka ku 11.6V, naye tewali kuzimba bbaatule kwalabiddwa.
Kyazuuliddwa nti ebibinja bya battery byombi ebya UPS byali bibunye ensonga mu kiseera ky’okukebera. Nga bakozesa multimeter, baapima vvulovumenti ya ripple ecaajinga bbaatule (epimiddwa nga bakozesa ensengeka ya AC), eyali waggulu nga 7V (esukka wala omutindo gw’okuddaabiriza). N’ekyavaamu, mu kusooka baateebereza nti capacitors za DC filter zikyusiddwa bayinginiya b’abakola UPS zaali zifuuse ekikyamu, ekyavuddeko voltage ya ripple esukkiridde ku bbaasi ya UPS eya DC, ekyavuddeko bbaatule okubumbulukuka.
2. Embeera y'okulemererwa mu kifo .
Nga July 22, ttiimu okuva mu kitongole ky’okunoonyereza yakola okwekebejja obukuumi mu ofiisi y’ettabi. Baakizuula nti bbaatule z’enkola za UPS ku mwaliiro ogw’okutaano mu kizimbe zaali zibumbujja nnyo. Singa wabaawo amasannyalaze agava mu giridi, kyatiisibwatiisibwa nti bbaatule ziyinza obutafuluma bulungi, ekiyinza okuvaako akabenje. N’ekyavaamu, amangu ago baawadde amagezi nti abakozi b’ettabi lino abaddaabiriza bayinginiya b’abakola ebyuma bino bategeke okunoonyereza okw’awamu mu kifo n’okugonjoola ebizibu n’enjuyi zonsatule akawungeezi akaddako.
Okubumbulukuka kwa bbaatule za 12V .
Akawungeezi ka July 23, ebibiina ebisatu byatuuka mu kifo. Nga bakebedde, yuniti za UPS zombi zazuulibwa nga zikola mu ngeri eya bulijjo, nga zirina vvulovumenti ya float nga 404V ku bbaatule (mu layini ne paramita eziteekeddwawo). Bayinginiya b’abakola ebyuma bino baakozesezza fluke 287c multimeter (obutuufu obw’amaanyi) okupima vvulovumenti ya ripple eya bbaatule, nga yabadde nga 0.439V. Mita ya Fluke 376 Clamp (obutuufu obutono) yapimiddwa ku 0.4V. Ebivudde mu bikozesebwa byombi byali bifaanagana era nga bigwa mu bbanga erya ripple voltage erya bulijjo ku byuma (okutwalira awamu wansi wa 1% ku vvulovumenti ya bbaasi). Kino kyalaga nti DC capacitors ezikyusiddwa zaali zituukana n’amateeka era nga zikola mu ngeri eya bulijjo. N’olwekyo, endowooza eyali eteeberezebwa emabegako nti okukyusa capacitor kwaleetawo vvulovumenti ya ripple esukkiridde era bbaatule okubumbulukuka yagobwa.
Multimeter: 0.439V .
mita ya clamp: nga 0.4V .
Okwekkaanya ebiwandiiko by’ebyafaayo bya UPS kwalaga nti, nga June 6, yuniti za UPS zombi zaali zikebereddwa ku bbaatule okumala eddakiika 15. Oluvannyuma lw’okuzzaawo switch y’amasannyalaze enkulu, okucaajinga okw’ekyenkanyi mu ddakiika 6 kwakolebwa, ne kuddirira okugezesebwa kwa bbaatule okumala eddakiika 14 nga kwakolebwa bayinginiya b’abakola. Oluvannyuma lw’okugezesebwa, enkola ya UPS yatandikawo otomatika emisango ena egy’omuddiring’anwa egy’essaawa 12 egy’ekyenkanyi, nga buli mutendera gwawulwamu okumala eddakiika emu, nga gufundikira ku ssaawa 5:32 ez’oku makya nga June 9. Okuva olwo, bbaatule zisigadde mu mbeera ya float charge.
Okwongera okwekenneenya ensengeka ya bbaatule ya UPS eyasooka kwazudde bino wammanga:
Obulamu bwa bbaatule bwateekebwa ku myezi 48 (emyaka 4), wadde ng’obulamu obwennyini obusuubirwa mu bbaatule ya 12V bulina okuba emyaka 5.
Okucaajinga okw'enkanankana kwateekebwa ku 'okusobozesa.'
Ekkomo ku charge current lyateekebwa ku 10A.
Ekiziyiza okukyusa okudda ku kucaajinga okwenkanankana kyateekebwa ku 1A (enkola yandikyuse mu ngeri ey’otoma okudda ku kucaajinga okwenkanankana singa akasannyalazo aka float charge kasukka 1A, wadde ng’omuwendo ogusookerwako ogw’ekyokulabirako kino guli 0.03C10~0.05C10, ekitegeeza nti okucaajinga okw’enkanankana kusikirizibwa nga amasannyalaze agava mu kuddaabiriza 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 eziweereddwa 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 eziteekeddwa ku 0.0 0.0 0.01C 0. yandibadde esitulwa nga float charge current etuuse 1a).
Obudde obw’obukuumi obw’okucaajinga obw’ekyenkanyi bwateekebwawo ku ddakiika 720 (okucaajinga okw’enkanankana kwandikomye mu ngeri ey’otoma oluvannyuma lw’essaawa 12).
3. Okwekenenya okulemererwa kuleeta .
Okusinziira ku mbeera eyo waggulu, enkola y’okulemererwa esobola okwekenneenyezebwa bweti:
Ebibinja bya bbaatule ebibiri eby’enkola eno eya UPS byali bimaze emyaka 4 (obulamu bwa bbaatule za 12V buba bwa myaka 5), era obusobozi bwa bbaatule bwali bukendedde nnyo. Wabula nga tebannaba kulemererwa, endabika ya bbaatule ey’ebweru yali ya bulijjo, nga tewali kabonero konna kalaga nti ebumbujja. Okwongera okwetegereza ebiwandiiko by’ebyafaayo bya UPS okuva nga January 30, 2019 (ebiwandiiko ng’olunaku luno terunnatuuka byalongoosebwa) okutuuka nga June 6, 2020, kyalaga nti enkola ya UPS yali ekoze 12 equalized charging, nga ekiseera ekisinga obuwanvu tekisukka ddakiika 15. Kino kiraga nti ebbanga ly’okucaajinga eryenkanankana eryateekebwawo mu nkola ya UPS nga tebannaba kuddaabiriza lyali nnyimpi nnyo, eddakiika 15 zokka, era enkola ya UPS ey’okucaajinga ey’ekiseera ekitono tejja kuleetera bbaatule kuzimba.
Oluvannyuma lw’okuddaabiriza n’okukyusa capacitor, enkola ya UPS yazzeemu okutandika. Enzikiriziganya y’okufuga yazuula nti bbaatule yaakayungibwa, kale yatandikawo okucaajinga okw’ekyenkanankana okw’eddakiika 6 n’oluvannyuma n’ekyusibwa n’efuuka ekisannyalazo ekikulukuta. Wabula oluvannyuma lw’okugezesebwa okuddirira okw’eddakiika 14, enkola ya UPS yatandika okucaajinga mu ngeri ey’okwenkanya okusobola okuddamu okujjuza bbaatule mu bujjuvu. Olw’okuba bbaatule zikozesebwa okumala emyaka 4, obusobozi bwazo obw’okukuuma omusannyalazo obw’omunda bwali bwonoonese, ekivaako amasannyalaze aga float charge okusukka 1A, ne kivaako 1A equalized charging threshold set mu UPS system (omuwendo ogusookerwako ku model eno ye 3~5A float charge current okutandika equalized charging, naye olw’ensonga ezimu, abakozi b’okuddaabiriza baali bakyusizza kino ku 1A ku 1A ku 1A current). Kino kyavaamu enkola ya UPS enfunda n’enfunda okutandika okucaajinga equalized okutuusa nga circuit ya battery open ey’omunda ku nkomerero yagiyimiriza (kikozesebwa, enkola ya UPS yandibadde egenda mu maaso n’okuddiŋŋana okucaajinga okw’ekyenkanyi, ekiyinza okuba nga kyaviirako ekibinja kya bbaatule okukwata omuliro). Mu kiseera kino, bbaatule zakolebwako enzirukanya nnya ezigenda mu maaso ez’okucaajinga ez’ekyenkanyi mu ssaawa 48 (buli nsengekera yayimirira okumala eddakiika emu yokka buli ssaawa 12 nga tennaddamu kussa chajingi ya kyenkanyi). Oluvannyuma lw’okucaajinga okumala ebbanga eddene ng’okwo, bbaatule zaatuuka ekiseera ne zibumbulukuka, era n’obuuma obufulumya empewo ne bufuuka obulema.
4. Mu bufunzi
Okusinziira ku bye twetegereza waggulu n’okwekenneenya, ebivaako bbaatule okulemererwa mu nkola eno eya UPS bye bino wammanga:
Ekivaako obutereevu kyali kuteekawo mu ngeri etali ntuufu ey’ebipimo by’okucaajinga eby’enkola ya UPS, ekyavaako okucaajinga obutasalako okumala essaawa 48 nga buli luvannyuma lwa ddakiika emu yokka wakati wa buli lunyiriri. Ne bbaatule empya tezaali za kugumira kucaajinga okumala ebbanga eddene era okw’amaanyi okw’ekyenkanyi bwe kutyo, ekivaako bbaatule okulemererwa okugwa mu mbeera eno.
Enkola ya UPS System Model ye dizayini eyasooka ng’erina obuzibu mu mirimu. Eno model ya UPS enkadde (eyakolebwa emyaka 20 egiyise) teyaliimu ' equalized charging interval protection time' setting (ebika ebirala bitera okuteeka ekiseera kino ku nnaku 7), ekivaamu obutasalako emirundi mingi egy'okucaajinga egy'enkanankana.
Omulimu gwa bbaatule gwali gukendedde olw’emyaka (emyaka 4 mu buweereza), nga obusobozi bw’okufulumya amazzi bukendedde n’okusigala obubi mu kusasula ssente. Nga June 6 tannatuuka, omusingi gw’okukyusa amasannyalaze ogw’okukyusaamu ogw’ekyenkanyi (equalized-to-float-charge current threshold) gwateekebwa wansi mu ngeri etategeerekeka (1A yokka ku bbaatule 100ah). Omuwendo gwa UPS ogw'okusooka guli 3~5A, naye ate abakozi b'okuddaabiriza mu ngeri etategeerekeka ne bagukyusa okutuuka ku 1A.
Enkola ya UPS yali emaze emyaka 14 ng’ekola, ng’esukka nnyo emyaka gyayo egy’okuggyawo emirimu, ekifuula ensobi mu kupima obuteewalika. Ensobi zino ziyinza okuba nga zaaleetera enkola okutandika enfunda eziwera okucaajinga equalized olw’okuzuula amasannyalaze agatali matuufu.
Ekirungi, ekiyungo ekiggule mu emu ku butoffaali bwa bbaatule kyalemesa enkola ya UPS okugenda mu maaso n’enzirukanya y’okucaajinga ey’okuddiŋŋana oluvannyuma lw’okucaajinga ey’okuna ey’ekyenkanankana, bwe kityo ne kyewala obusobozi bwa bbaatule okukwata omuliro.
5. Ebikolwa eby’okutereeza ku kulemererwa .
Ebikolwa eby’okutereeza mulimu ensonga bbiri:
Okusooka, kyusa mu kiseera kya UPS Battery charging parameters okumala akaseera:
Lemesa ensengeka y'okucaajinga ey'enkanankana mu nkola ya UPS.
Teekateeka trigger current okukyusakyusa okuva ku float charge okudda ku equalized charging okutuuka ku 3A (wadde nga 3A ekyali wansi katono, nga default minimum eri 3A, naye emabegako yali eteekeddwa ku 1A).
Teekateeka obudde obw’obukuumi obw’okucaajinga obw’ekyenkanyi okutuuka ku ssaawa 1 (nga bukyali buteekeddwa ku ssaawa 12).
Ekirala, ofiisi y’ettabi yakyusa ebibinja bya bbaatule ebbiri n’essaamu bbaatule ezikuuma, kyokka bbaatule za ‘backup’ zirina obusobozi bwa 50 zokka AH, kale zisobola okukozesebwa mu mbeera ez’amangu ez’akaseera obuseera zokka. Waliwo enteekateeka z’okukyusa omugugu okuva mu nkola ya UPS okudda mu nsibuko z’amasannyalaze endala mu biseera eby’omu maaso, okugonjoola obulungi ensonga z’obukuumi bw’amasannyalaze.
Omuddukanya asaasaanya ssente nnyingi buli mwaka ku mpeereza y’okuddaabiriza enkola ya UPS, naye olw’obulagajjavu n’obutafaayo bw’abakozi b’okuddaabiriza, batuuka n’okukyusa mu bukyamu emiwendo egy’enjawulo egy’enkola ya UPS, nga mu butuufu teyinza kukkirizibwa. Kirungi abakola UPS okutwala okulabirira ebintu byabwe nga kikulu nnyo era weewale okukola ensobi ezisookerwako bwe zityo mu biseera eby’omu maaso, okulongoosa omutindo gw’empeereza yaabwe ey’okuddaabiriza. Mu kiseera kino, kiteesebwa nti omukozi era afaayo nnyo ku mpeereza z’okuddaabiriza eziddirira eziweebwa omukozi wa UPS n’okuteekawo enkola ey’okwekenneenya okulongoosa obutasalako enkola ey’obukuumi era eyeesigika ey’enkola ya UPS.
